FALI WANG, ZHIWEI ZHANG, XIANREN ZHANG, ZONGYU WU, TZUHAO MO, QIUHAO LU, WANJING WANG, RUI LI, JUNJIE XU, XIANFENG TANG, QI HE, YAO MA, MING HUANG und SUHANG WANG, 2025. A Comprehensive Survey of Small Language Models in the Era of Large Language Models: Techniques, Enhancements, Applications, Collaboration with LLMs, and Trustworthiness. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems & Technology. 1 Dezember 2025. Vol. 16, no. 6, p. 1-87. DOI 10.1145/3768165.
Elsevier - Harvard (with titles)FALI WANG, ZHIWEI ZHANG, XIANREN ZHANG, ZONGYU WU, TZUHAO MO, QIUHAO LU, WANJING WANG, RUI LI, JUNJIE XU, XIANFENG TANG, QI HE, YAO MA, MING HUANG, SUHANG WANG, 2025. A Comprehensive Survey of Small Language Models in the Era of Large Language Models: Techniques, Enhancements, Applications, Collaboration with LLMs, and Trustworthiness. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems & Technology 16, 1-87. https://doi.org/10.1145/3768165
American Psychological Association 7th editionFALI WANG, ZHIWEI ZHANG, XIANREN ZHANG, ZONGYU WU, TZUHAO MO, QIUHAO LU, WANJING WANG, RUI LI, JUNJIE XU, XIANFENG TANG, QI HE, YAO MA, MING HUANG, & SUHANG WANG. (2025). A Comprehensive Survey of Small Language Models in the Era of Large Language Models: Techniques, Enhancements, Applications, Collaboration with LLMs, and Trustworthiness. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems & Technology, 16(6), 1-87. https://doi.org/10.1145/3768165
Springer - Basic (author-date)FALI WANG, ZHIWEI ZHANG, XIANREN ZHANG, ZONGYU WU, TZUHAO MO, QIUHAO LU, WANJING WANG, RUI LI, JUNJIE XU, XIANFENG TANG, QI HE, YAO MA, MING HUANG, SUHANG WANG (2025) A Comprehensive Survey of Small Language Models in the Era of Large Language Models: Techniques, Enhancements, Applications, Collaboration with LLMs, and Trustworthiness.. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems & Technology 16:1-87. https://doi.org/10.1145/3768165
Juristische Zitierweise (Stüber) (Deutsch)FALI WANG/ ZHIWEI ZHANG/ XIANREN ZHANG/ ZONGYU WU/ TZUHAO MO/ QIUHAO LU/ WANJING WANG/ RUI LI/ JUNJIE XU/ XIANFENG TANG/ QI HE/ YAO MA/ MING HUANG/ SUHANG WANG, A Comprehensive Survey of Small Language Models in the Era of Large Language Models: Techniques, Enhancements, Applications, Collaboration with LLMs, and Trustworthiness., ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems & Technology 2025, 1-87.